Dasatinib
20mg/50mg Tablets

What is Dasatinib?

Dasatinib is a prescription medicine used to treat adults who have:

• newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase.
• Ph+ CML who no longer benefit from, or did not tolerate, other treatment, including Gleevec (imatinib mesylate).
• Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) who no longer benefit from, or did not tolerate, other treatment.

It is not known if Dasatinib is safe and effective in children younger than 18 years old.

What should I tell my healthcare provider before taking Dasatinib?

Before you take Dasatinib, tell your healthcare provider if you:

• have problems with your immune system
• have liver problems
• have heart problems
• are lactose intolerant
• have any other medical conditions
• are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. Dasatinib can harm your unborn baby. Sexually active female patients of childbearing potential taking Dasatinib should avoid pregnancy. Talk to your healthcare provider right away if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.
• are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed. It is not known if Dasatinib passes into your breast milk or if it can harm your baby. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will take Dasatinib or breastfeed. You should not do both.

Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins, antacids, and herbal supplements.

How should I take Dasatinib?

Take Dasatinib exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

• Take Dasatinib with or without food. Try to take Dasatinib at the same time each day.
• Swallow Dasatinib tablets whole. Do not break, cut, or crush the tablets.
• You should not drink grapefruit juice while taking Dasatinib.
• Your healthcare provider may:
  • change your dose of Dasatinib or
  • tell you to temporarily stop taking Dasatinib.
• Do not change your dose or stop taking Dasatinib without first talking with your healthcare provider.
• If you miss a dose of Dasatinib, take your next scheduled dose at its regular time. Do not take two doses at the same time. Call your healthcare provider or pharmacist if you are not sure what to do.
• If you take too much Dasatinib, call your healthcare provider or go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.

What are the possible side effects of Dasatinib?

Dasatinib may cause serious side effects, including:

Low Blood Cell Counts:
Dasatinib may cause low red blood cell counts (anemia), low white blood cell counts (neutropenia), and low platelet counts (thrombocytopenia). Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check your blood cell counts regularly during your treatment with Dasatinib. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have a fever or any signs of an infection while taking Dasatinib.

Bleeding:
Dasatinib may cause severe bleeding that can lead to death. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have:

• unusual bleeding or bruising of your skin
• bright red or dark tar-like stools
• a decrease in your level of consciousness, headache, or change in speech.

Your body may hold too much fluid (fluid retention):
In severe cases, fluid may build up in the lining of your lungs, the sac around your heart, or your stomach cavity. Call your healthcare provider right away if you get any of these symptoms during treatment with Dasatinib:

• swelling all over your body
• weight gain
• shortness of breath and cough.

Heart problems. Dasatinib may cause an abnormal heart rate, heart problems or a heart attack. Your healthcare provider will monitor the potassium and magnesium levels in your blood, and your heart function.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). Dasatinib may cause high blood pressure in the vessels of your lungs. PAH may happen at any time during your treatment with Dasatinib. Your healthcare provider should check your heart and lungs before and during your treatment with Dasatinib. Call your healthcare provider right away if you have shortness of breath, tiredness, or swelling all over your body (fluid retention).

Other common side effects of Dasatinib therapy include:

Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.

These are not all of the possible side effects of Dasatinib. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist.

Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA.

How should I store Dasatinib?

Store Dasatinib at room temperature, between 68°F to 77°F (20°C to 25°C).
Ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist about the right way to throw away outdated or unused Dasatinib.
Women who are pregnant should not handle crushed or broken Dasatinib tablets.
Keep Dasatinib and all medicines out of the reach of children and pets.

General information about Dasatinib
Medicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in the Patient Information leaflet. Do not use Dasatinib for a condition for which it is not prescribed. Do not give Dasatinib to other people even if they have the same symptoms you have. It may harm them.

This Patient Information leaflet summarizes the most important information about Dasatinib. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about Dasatinib that is written for healthcare professionals.

What are the ingredients in Dasatinib?

Active ingredient: dasatinib

Inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and magnesium stearate. The tablet coating consists of hypromellose, titanium dioxide, and polyethylene glycol.

Dasatinib
20mg/50mg Tablets

INDICATIONS AND USAGE

Dasatinib is indicated for the treatment of adults with

• newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase. The effectiveness of Dasatinib is based on cytogenetic response and major molecular response rates. The trial is ongoing and further data will be required to determine long-term outcome.
• chronic, accelerated, or myeloid or lymphoid blast phase Ph+ CML with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy including imatinib.
• Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ ALL) with resistance or intolerance to prior therapy.

DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION

The recommended starting dosage of Dasatinib for chronic phase CML is 100 mg administered orally once daily. The recommended starting dosage of Dasatinib for accelerated phase CML, myeloid or lymphoid blast phase CML, or Ph+ ALL is 140 mg administered orally once daily. Tablets should not be crushed or cut; they should be swallowed whole. Dasatinib can be taken with or without a meal, either in the morning or in the evening.

In clinical studies, treatment with Dasatinib was continued until disease progression or until no longer tolerated by the patient. The effect of stopping treatment after the achievement of a complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) has not been investigated.

Concomitant Strong CYP3A4 inducers:
The use of concomitant strong CYP3A4 inducers may decrease dasatinib plasma concentrations and should be avoided (eg, dexamethasone, phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampin, rifabutin, phenobarbital). St. John’s Wort may decrease dasatinib plasma concentrations unpredictably and should be avoided. If patients must be coadministered a strong CYP3A4 inducer, based on pharmacokinetic studies, a Dasatinib dose increase should be considered. If the dose of Dasatinib is increased, the patient should be monitored carefully for toxicity.

Concomitant Strong CYP3A4 inhibitors:
CYP3A4 inhibitors (eg, ketoconazole, itraconazole, clarithromycin, atazanavir, indinavir, nefazodone, nelfinavir, ritonavir, saquinavir, telithromycin, and voriconazole) may increase dasatinib plasma concentrations. Grapefruit juice may also increase plasma concentrations of dasatinib and should be avoided.

Selection of an alternate concomitant medication with no or minimal enzyme inhibition potential, if possible, is recommended. If Dasatinib must be administered with a strong CYP3A4 inhibitor, a dose decrease should be considered. Based on pharmacokinetic studies, a dose decrease to 20 mg daily should be considered for patients taking Dasatinib 100 mg daily. For patients taking Dasatinib 140 mg daily, a dose decrease to 40 mg daily should be considered. These reduced doses of Dasatinib are predicted to adjust the area under the curve (AUC) to the range observed without CYP3A4 inhibitors. However, there are no clinical data with these dose adjustments in patients receiving strong CYP3A4 inhibitors. If Dasatinib is not tolerated after dose reduction, either the strong CYP3A4 inhibitor must be discontinued, or Dasatinib should be stopped until treatment with the inhibitor has ceased. When the strong inhibitor is discontinued, a washout period of approximately 1 week should be allowed before the Dasatinib dose is increased.

In clinical studies of adult CML and Ph+ ALL patients, dose escalation to 140 mg once daily (chronic phase CML) or 180 mg once daily (advanced phase CML and Ph+ ALL) was allowed in patients who did not achieve a hematologic or cytogenetic response at the recommended starting dosage.

In clinical studies, myelosuppression was managed by dose interruption, dose reduction, or discontinuation of study therapy. Hematopoietic growth factor has been used in patients with resistant myelosuppression. Guidelines for dose modifications are summarized in Table 1.

If a severe non-hematological adverse reaction develops with Dasatinib use, treatment must be withheld until the event has resolved or improved. Thereafter, treatment can be resumed as appropriate at a reduced dose depending on the initial severity of the event.

DOSAGE FORMS AND STRENGTHS

Dasatinib (dasatinib) Tablets are available as 20-mg, 50-mg, 70-mg, 80-mg, 100-mg, and 140-mg white to off-white, biconvex, film-coated tablets.

CONTRAINDICATIONS

None.

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

Treatment with Dasatinib is associated with severe (NCI CTC Grade 3 or 4) thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, and anemia. Their occurrence is more frequent in patients with advanced phase CML or Ph+ ALL than in chronic phase CML. In a dose-optimization trial in patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy and chronic phase CML, Grade 3 or 4 myelosuppression was reported less frequently in patients treated with 100 mg once daily than in patients treated with other dosing regimens.

Perform complete blood counts weekly for the first 2 months and then monthly thereafter, or as clinically indicated. Myelosuppression was generally reversible and usually managed by withholding Dasatinib temporarily or dose reduction.

In addition to causing thrombocytopenia in human subjects, dasatinib caused platelet dysfunction in vitro. In all clinical studies, severe central nervous system (CNS) hemorrhages, including fatalities, occurred in 1% of patients receiving Dasatinib. Severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage, including fatalities, occurred in 4% of patients and generally required treatment interruptions and transfusions. Other cases of severe hemorrhage occurred in 2% of patients. Most bleeding events were associated with severe thrombocytopenia.

Patients were excluded from participation in initial Dasatinib clinical studies if they took medications that inhibit platelet function or anticoagulants. In subsequent trials, the use of anticoagulants, aspirin, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was allowed concurrently with Dasatinib if the platelet count was >50,000–75,000 per microliter. Exercise caution if patients are required to take medications that inhibit platelet function or anticoagulants.

Dasatinib is associated with fluid retention. In clinical trials, severe fluid retention was reported in up to 10% of patients. Severe ascites, pulmonary edema, and generalized edema were each reported in =1% of patients. Patients who develop symptoms suggestive of pleural effusion, such as dyspnea or dry cough, should be evaluated by chest x-ray. Severe pleural effusion may require thoracentesis and oxygen therapy. Fluid retention events were typically managed by supportive care measures that include diuretics or short courses of steroids. In dose-optimization studies, fluid retention events were reported less frequently with once daily dosing than with other dosing regimens.

In vitro data suggest that dasatinib has the potential to prolong cardiac ventricular repolarization (QT interval). Of the 2440 patients treated with Dasatinib in clinical studies, 16 patients (1%) had QTc prolongation reported as an adverse reaction. Twenty-two patients (1%) experienced a QTcF >500 ms. In 865 patients with leukemia treated with Dasatinib in five Phase 2 single-arm studies, the maximum mean changes in QTcF (90% upper bound CI) from baseline ranged from 7.0 ms to 13.4 ms.

Administer Dasatinib with caution to patients who have or may develop prolongation of QTc. These include patients with hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia, patients with congenital long QT syndrome, patients taking anti-arrhythmic medicines or other medicinal products that lead to QT prolongation, and cumulative high-dose anthracycline therapy. Correct hypokalemia or hypomagnesemia prior to Dasatinib administration.

Cardiac adverse reactions were reported in 7% of 258 patients taking Dasatinib, including, 1.6% of patients with cardiomyopathy, heart failure congestive, diastolic dysfunction, fatal myocardial infarction, and left ventricular dysfunction. Monitor patients for signs or symptoms consistent with cardiac dysfunction and treat appropriately.

Dasatinib may increase the risk of developing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) which may occur any time after initiation, including after more than one year of treatment. Manifestations include dyspnea, fatigue, hypoxia, and fluid retention. PAH may be reversible on discontinuation of Dasatinib. Evaluate patients for signs and symptoms of underlying cardiopulmonary disease prior to initiating Dasatinib and during treatment. If PAH is confirmed, Dasatinib should be permanently discontinued.

Dasatinib can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Adverse fetal and infant outcomes have been reported from women who have taken Dasatinib during pregnancy. In animal reproduction studies, embryo-fetal toxicities, including skeletal malformations, were observed in rats and rabbits at plasma concentrations below those in humans receiving therapeutic doses of dasatinib. If Dasatinib is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking Dasatinib, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.

Advise females of reproductive potential to avoid pregnancy, which may include the use of contraception, during treatment with Dasatinib.

ADVERSE REACTIONS

The following adverse reactions are discussed in greater detail in other sections of the labeling:

• Myelosuppression
• Bleeding related events
• Fluid retention
• QT prolongation
• Congestive heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and myocardial infarction
• Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice.

The data described below reflect exposure to Dasatinib in clinical studies including 258 patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase CML and in 2182 patients with imatinib resistant or intolerant CML or Ph+ ALL.

In the newly diagnosed chronic phase CML trial with a minimum of 36 months follow up and median duration of therapy of 37 months, the median average daily dose was 99 mg.

In the imatinib resistant or intolerant CML or Ph+ ALL clinical trials, 1520 patients had a minimum of 2 years follow up and 662 patients with chronic phase CML had a minimum of 60 months follow up (starting dosage 100 mg once daily, 140 mg once daily, 50 mg twice daily, or 70 mg twice daily). Among patients with chronic phase CML and resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy, the median duration of treatment with Dasatinib 100 mg once daily was 37 months (range 1–65 months). The median duration of treatment with Dasatinib 140 mg once daily was 15 months (range 0.03–36 months) for accelerated phase CML, 3 months (range 0.03–29 months) for myeloid blast phase CML, and 3 months (range 0.1–10 months) for lymphoid blast CML.

The majority of Dasatinib-treated patients experienced adverse reactions at some time. In the newly diagnosed chronic phase CML trial, drug was discontinued for adverse reactions in 6% of Dasatinib-treated patients with a minimum of 12 months follow up. After a minimum of 36 months follow up, the cumulative discontinuation rate was 9%. Among patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy, the rates of discontinuation for adverse reactions at 2 years were 15% in chronic phase CML for all dosages, 16% in accelerated phase CML, 15% in myeloid blast phase CML, 8% in lymphoid blast phase CML, and 8% in Ph+ ALL. In a dose-optimization trial in patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy and chronic phase CML with a minimum of 60 months follow up, the rate of discontinuation for adverse reactions was 18% in patients treated with 100 mg once daily.

The most frequently reported adverse reactions reported in =10% of patients in newly diagnosed chronic phase CML included myelosuppression, fluid retention events (pleural effusion, superficial localized edema, generalized edema), diarrhea, headache, musculoskeletal pain, rash, and nausea. Pleural effusions were reported in 50 patients (see Table 2).

The most frequently reported adverse reactions reported in =20% of patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy included myelosuppression, fluid retention events, diarrhea, headache, dyspnea, skin rash, fatigue, nausea, and hemorrhage.

The most frequently reported serious adverse reactions in patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase CML included pleural effusion (4%), hemorrhage (2%), congestive heart failure (1%), pulmonary hypertension (1%), and pyrexia (1%). The most frequently reported serious adverse reactions in patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy included pleural effusion (11%), gastrointestinal bleeding (4%), febrile neutropenia (4%), dyspnea (3%), pneumonia (3%), pyrexia (3%), diarrhea (3%), infection (2%), congestive heart failure/cardiac dysfunction (2%), pericardial effusion (1%), and CNS hemorrhage (1%).

Adverse reactions (excluding laboratory abnormalities) that were reported in at least 10% of patients are shown in Table 2 for newly diagnosed patients with chronic phase CML and Tables 3 and 4 for CML patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy.

The cumulative rates of the majority of adverse reactions (all grades) in newly diagnosed patients with chronic phase CML were similar after 12 and 36 months minimum follow up including congestive heart failure/cardiac dysfunction (2% vs 2%), pericardial effusion (2% vs 3%), pulmonary edema (<1% vs 1%), gastrointestinal bleeding (2% vs 2%), diarrhea (18% vs 21%), and generalized edema (3% vs 3%). Cumulative adverse reaction rates (all grades) that increased between 12 months and 36 months minimum follow up included overall fluid retention (23% vs 31%), pleural effusion (12% vs 19%), and superficial edema (10% vs 13%). A total of 9 patients (3.5%) discontinued due to pleural effusion in the trial.

At 36 months, there were 17 deaths in the dasatinib-treated patients (6.6%) and 20 deaths in the imatinib-treated patients (7.7%); 1 in each group was judged by the investigator as related to study therapy.

With a minimum follow up of 60 months (see Table 3), the cumulative rates of the majority of adverse reactions (all grades) in patients with chronic phase CML treated with a starting dose of 100 mg once daily were identical with a minimum follow up of 24 and 60 months including congestive heart failure/cardiac dysfunction, pericardial effusion, pulmonary edema, and gastrointestinal bleeding or similar for diarrhea (27% vs 28%), and generalized edema (3% vs 4%). Cumulative adverse reaction rates (all grades) that increased between 24 months and 60 months minimum follow up included: overall fluid retention (34% vs 42%), pleural effusion (18% vs 24%), and superficial edema (18% vs 21%). The cumulative rate of Grade 3 or 4 pleural effusion was 2% versus 4%, respectively.

Laboratory Abnormalities
Myelosuppression was commonly reported in all patient populations. The frequency of Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and anemia was higher in patients with advanced phase CML than in chronic phase CML (Tables 5 and 6). Myelosuppression was reported in patients with normal baseline laboratory values as well as in patients with pre-existing laboratory abnormalities.

In patients who experienced severe myelosuppression, recovery generally occurred following dose interruption or reduction; permanent discontinuation of treatment occurred in 2% of patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase CML and 5% of patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy.

Grade 3 or 4 elevations of transaminase or bilirubin and Grade 3 or 4 hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, and hypophosphatemia were reported in patients with all phases of CML but were reported with an increased frequency in patients with myeloid or lymphoid blast phase CML. Elevations in transaminase or bilirubin were usually managed with dose reduction or interruption. Patients developing Grade 3 or 4 hypocalcemia during the course of Dasatinib therapy often had recovery with oral calcium supplementation.

Laboratory abnormalities reported in patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase CML are shown in Table 5. There were no discontinuations of Dasatinib therapy in this patient population due to biochemical laboratory parameters.

Laboratory abnormalities reported in patients with CML resistant or intolerant to imatinib who received the recommended starting doses of Dasatinib are shown by disease phase in Table 6.

Among chronic phase CML patients with resistance or intolerance to prior imatinib therapy, cumulative Grade 3 or 4 cytopenias were similar at 2 and 5 years including: neutropenia (36% vs 36%), thrombocytopenia (23% vs 24%) and anemia (13% vs 13%).

A total of 135 patients with Ph+ ALL were treated with Dasatinib in clinical studies. The median duration of treatment was 3 months (range 0.03–31 months). The safety profile of patients with Ph+ ALL was similar to those with lymphoid blast phase CML. The most frequently reported adverse reactions included fluid retention events, such as pleural effusion (24%) and superficial edema (19%), and gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhea (31%), nausea (24%), and vomiting (16%). Hemorrhage (19%), pyrexia (17%), rash (16%), and dyspnea (16%) were also frequently reported. The most frequently reported serious adverse reactions included pleural effusion (11%), gastrointestinal bleeding (7%), febrile neutropenia (6%), infection (5%), pyrexia (4%), pneumonia (3%), diarrhea (3%), nausea (2%), vomiting (2%), and colitis (2%).

The following adverse reactions were reported in patients in the Dasatinib clinical studies at a frequency of =10%, 1%–<10%, 0.1%–<1%, or <0.1%. These events are included on the basis of clinical relevance.

Gastrointestinal Disorders:
1%–<10%– mucosal inflammation (including mucositis/stomatitis), dyspepsia, abdominal distension, constipation, gastritis, colitis (including neutropenic colitis), oral soft tissue disorder; 0.1%–<1% – ascites, dysphagia, anal fissure, upper gastrointestinal ulcer, esophagitis, pancreatitis; <0.1% – protein losing gastroenteropathy, ileus.

General Disorders and Administration Site Conditions:
1%–<10% – asthenia, pain, chest pain, chills; 0.1%–<1% – malaise, temperature intolerance.

Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Disorders:
1%–<10% – pruritus, alopecia, acne, dry skin, hyperhidrosis, urticaria, dermatitis (including eczema); 0.1%–<1%– pigmentation disorder, skin ulcer, bullous conditions, photosensitivity, nail disorder, acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, panniculitis, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome.

Respiratory, Thoracic, and Mediastinal Disorders:
≥10% ? cough; 1%–<10% – lung infiltration, pneumonitis, pulmonary hypertension; 0.1%–<1% – asthma, bronchospasm; <0.1% – acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Nervous System Disorders:
1%–<10% – neuropathy (including peripheral neuropathy), dizziness, dysgeusia, somnolence; 0.1%–<1% – amnesia, tremor, syncope; <0.1% – convulsion, cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack, optic neuritis, VIIth nerve paralysis.

Blood and Lymphatic System Disorders:
1%–<10% – pancytopenia; <0.1% – aplasia pure red cell.

Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders:
1%–<10% – muscular weakness, musculoskeletal stiffness, muscle spasm; 0.1%–<1% – rhabdomyolysis, tendonitis, muscle inflammation.

Investigations:
1%–<10% – weight increased, weight decreased; 0.1%–<1% – blood creatine phosphokinase increased.

Infections and Infestations:
1%–<10% – pneumonia (including bacterial, viral, and fungal), upper respiratory tract infection/inflammation, herpes virus infection, enterocolitis infection, sepsis (including fatal outcomes [0.2%]).

Metabolism and Nutrition Disorders:
1%–<10% – anorexia, appetite disturbances, hyperuricemia; 0.1%–<1% – hypoalbuminemia.

Cardiac Disorders:
1%–<10% – arrhythmia (including tachycardia), palpitations; 0.1%–<1% – angina pectoris, cardiomegaly, pericarditis, ventricular arrhythmia (including ventricular tachycardia); <0.1% – cor pulmonale, myocarditis, acute coronary syndrome.

Eye Disorders:
1%–<10% – visual disorder (including visual disturbance, vision blurred, and visual acuity reduced), dry eye; 0.1% –<1% – conjunctivitis; <0.1% – visual impairment.

Vascular Disorders:
1%–<10% – flushing, hypertension; 0.1%–<1% – hypotension, thrombophlebitis; <0.1% – livedo reticularis.

Psychiatric Disorders:
1%–<10% – insomnia, depression; 0.1%–<1% – anxiety, affect lability, confusional state, libido decreased.

Reproductive System and Breast Disorders:
0.1%–<1% – gynecomastia, menstruation irregular.

Injury, Poisoning, and Procedural Complications:
1%–<10%– contusion.

Ear and Labyrinth Disorders:
1%–<10% – tinnitus; 0.1%–<1% – vertigo.

Hepatobiliary Disorders:
0.1%–<1% – cholestasis, cholecystitis, hepatitis.

Renal and Urinary Disorders:
0.1%–<1% – urinary frequency, renal failure, proteinuria.

Neoplasms Benign, Malignant, and Unspecified:
0.1%–<1% – tumor lysis syndrome.

Immune System Disorders:
0.1%–<1% – hypersensitivity (including erythema nodosum).

The following additional adverse reactions have been identified during post approval use of Dasatinib. Because these reactions are reported voluntarily from a population of uncertain size, it is not always possible to reliably estimate their frequency or establish a causal relationship to drug exposure.

Cardiac disorders: atrial fibrillation/atrial flutter

Vascular disorders: thrombosis/embolism (including pulmonary embolism, deep vein thrombosis)

Respiratory, thoracic, and mediastinal disorders: interstitial lung disease, pulmonary arterial hypertension

DRUG INTERACTIONS

CYP3A4 Inhibitors:
Dasatinib is a CYP3A4 substrate. In a trial of 18 patients with solid tumors, 20-mg Dasatinib once daily coadministered with 200 mg of ketoconazole twice daily increased the dasatinib Cmax and AUC by four- and five-fold, respectively. Concomitant use of Dasatinib and drugs that inhibit CYP3A4 may increase exposure to dasatinib and should be avoided. In patients receiving treatment with Dasatinib, close monitoring for toxicity and a Dasatinib dose reduction should be considered if systemic administration of a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor cannot be avoided.

CYP3A4 Inducers:
When a single morning dose of Dasatinib was administered following 8 days of continuous evening administration of 600 mg of rifampin, a potent CYP3A4 inducer, the mean Cmax and AUC of dasatinib were decreased by 81% and 82%, respectively. Alternative agents with less enzyme induction potential should be considered. If Dasatinib must be administered with a CYP3A4 inducer, a dose increase in Dasatinib should be considered.

Antacids:
Nonclinical data demonstrate that the solubility of dasatinib is pH dependent. In a trial of 24 healthy subjects, administration of 30 mL of aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide 2 hours prior to a single 50-mg dose of Dasatinib was associated with no relevant change in dasatinib AUC; however, the dasatinib Cmax increased 26%. When 30 mL of aluminum hydroxide/magnesium hydroxide was administered to the same subjects concomitantly with a 50-mg dose of Dasatinib, a 55% reduction in dasatinib AUC and a 58% reduction in Cmax were observed. Simultaneous administration of Dasatinib with antacids should be avoided. If antacid therapy is needed, the antacid dose should be administered at least 2 hours prior to or 2 hours after the dose of Dasatinib.

H2 Antagonists/Proton Pump Inhibitors:
Long-term suppression of gastric acid secretion by H2 antagonists or proton pump inhibitors (eg, famotidine and omeprazole) is likely to reduce dasatinib exposure. In a trial of 24 healthy subjects, administration of a single 50-mg dose of Dasatinib 10 hours following famotidine reduced the AUC and Cmax of dasatinib by 61% and 63%, respectively. In a trial of 14 healthy subjects, administration of a single 100-mg dose of Dasatinib 22 hours following a 40-mg omeprazole dose at steady state reduced the AUC and Cmax of dasatinib by 43% and 42%, respectively. The concomitant use of H2 antagonists or proton pump inhibitors with Dasatinib is not recommended. The use of antacids (at least 2 hours prior to or 2 hours after the dose of Dasatinib) should be considered in place of H2 antagonists or proton pump inhibitors in patients receiving Dasatinib therapy.

CYP3A4 Substrates:
Single-dose data from a trial of 54 healthy subjects indicate that the mean Cmax and AUC of simvastatin, a CYP3A4 substrate, were increased by 37% and 20%, respectively, when simvastatin was administered in combination with a single 100-mg dose of Dasatinib. Therefore, CYP3A4 substrates known to have a narrow therapeutic index such as alfentanil, astemizole, terfenadine, cisapride, cyclosporine, fentanyl, pimozide, quinidine, sirolimus, tacrolimus, or ergot alkaloids (ergotamine, dihydroergotamine) should be administered with caution in patients receiving Dasatinib.

USE IN SPECIFIC POPULATIONS

Risk Summary
Dasatinib can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. There are no studies with Dasatinib in pregnant women. However, in animal reproduction studies, embryo-fetal toxicities, including skeletal malformations, were observed at dasatinib doses producing plasma concentrations below those in humans receiving therapeutic doses of dasatinib. If Dasatinib is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking Dasatinib, the patient should be apprised of the potential risk to the fetus.

Data
Based on human experience, dasatinib is suspected to cause congenital malformations, including neural tube defects, and harmful pharmacological effects on the fetus when administered during pregnancy.

Clinical Considerations
Fetal/Neonatal Adverse Reactions
Transplacental transfer of dasatinib has been reported. Dasatinib has been measured in fetal plasma and amniotic fluid and concentrations were found to be comparable to those in maternal plasma. Hydrops fetalis and fetal bicytopenia have been reported with maternal exposure to dasatinib. There have been other reports of maternal dasatinib exposure with no adverse fetal outcomes noted.

Animal Data
In nonclinical studies, at plasma concentrations below those observed in humans receiving therapeutic doses of dasatinib, embryo-fetal toxicities were observed in rats and rabbits. Fetal death was observed in rats. In both rats and rabbits, the lowest doses of dasatinib tested (rat: 2.5 mg/kg/day [15 mg/m2/day] and rabbit: 0.5 mg/kg/day [6 mg/m2/day]) resulted in embryo-fetal toxicities. These doses produced maternal AUCs of 105 ng•hr/mL and 44 ng•hr/mL (0.1-fold the human AUC) in rats and rabbits, respectively. Embryo-fetal toxicities included skeletal malformations at multiple sites (scapula, humerus, femur, radius, ribs, and clavicle), reduced ossification (sternum; thoracic, lumbar, and sacral vertebrae; forepaw phalanges; pelvis; and hyoid body), edema, and microhepatia. In a pre- and postnatal development study in rats, administration of dasatinib from gestation day (GD) 16 through lactation day (LD) 20, GD 21 through LD 20, or LD 4 through LD 20 resulted in extensive pup mortality at maternal exposures that were below the exposures in patients treated with dasatinib at the recommended labeling dose.

It is unknown whether Dasatinib is present in human milk. However, dasatinib was present in the milk of lactating rats. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk and because of the potential for serious adverse reactions in nursing infants from Dasatinib, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or to discontinue the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the mother.

The safety and efficacy of Dasatinib in patients less than 18 years of age have not been established.

In the newly diagnosed chronic phase CML trial, 25 patients (10%) were 65 years of age and over and 7 patients (3%) were 75 years of age and over. Of the 2182 patients in clinical studies of Dasatinib with resistance or intolerance to imatinib therapy, 547 (25%) were 65 years of age and over and 105 (5%) were 75 years of age and over. No differences in efficacy were observed between older and younger patients. Compared to patients under age 65 years, patients aged 65 years and older are more likely to experience toxicity.

The effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of dasatinib was evaluated in healthy volunteers with normal liver function and patients with moderate (Child-Pugh class B) and severe (Child-Pugh class C) hepatic impairment. Compared to the healthy volunteers with normal hepatic function, the dose-normalized pharmacokinetic parameters were decreased in the patients with hepatic impairment.

No dosage adjustment is necessary in patients with hepatic impairment. Caution is recommended when administering Dasatinib to patients with hepatic impairment.

There are currently no clinical studies with Dasatinib in patients with impaired renal function. Less than 4% of dasatinib and its metabolites are excreted via the kidney.

Dasatinib can cause fetal harm when administered during pregnancy. Advise female patients of reproductive potential to avoid pregnancy, which may include the use of contraception, during treatment. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider if they become pregnant, or if pregnancy is suspected, while taking Dasatinib.

OVERDOSAGE

Experience with overdose of Dasatinib in clinical studies is limited to isolated cases. The highest overdosage of 280 mg per day for 1 week was reported in two patients and both developed severe myelosuppression and bleeding. Since Dasatinib is associated with severe myelosuppression, patients who ingested more than the recommended dosage should be closely monitored for myelosuppression and given appropriate supportive treatment.

Acute overdose in animals was associated with cardiotoxicity. Evidence of cardiotoxicity included ventricular necrosis and valvular/ventricular/atrial hemorrhage at single doses =100 mg/kg (600 mg/m2) in rodents. There was a tendency for increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure in monkeys at single doses =10 mg/kg (120 mg/m2).

DESCRIPTION

Dasatinib (dasatinib) is a kinase inhibitor. The chemical name for dasatinib is N-(2-chloro-6-methylphenyl)-2-[[6-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]-2-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl]amino]-5-thiazolecarboxamide, monohydrate. The molecular formula is C22H26ClN7O2S • H2O, which corresponds to a formula weight of 506.02 (monohydrate). The anhydrous free base has a molecular weight of 488.01. Dasatinib has the following chemical structure:

Dasatinib is a white to off-white powder. The drug substance is insoluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol and methanol. Dasatinib tablets are white to off-white, biconvex, film-coated tablets containing dasatinib, with the following inactive ingredients: lactose monohydrate, microcrystalline cellulose, croscarmellose sodium, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and magnesium stearate. The tablet coating consists of hypromellose, titanium dioxide, and polyethylene glycol.

CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY

Dasatinib, at nanomolar concentrations, inhibits the following kinases: BCR-ABL, SRC family (SRC, LCK, YES, FYN), c-KIT, EPHA2, and PDGFRß. Based on modeling studies, dasatinib is predicted to bind to multiple conformations of the ABL kinase.

In vitro, dasatinib was active in leukemic cell lines representing variants of imatinib mesylate sensitive and resistant disease. Dasatinib inhibited the growth of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cell lines overexpressing BCR-ABL. Under the conditions of the assays, dasatinib was able to overcome imatinib resistance resulting from BCR-ABL kinase domain mutations, activation of alternate signaling pathways involving the SRC family kinases (LYN, HCK), and multi-drug resistance gene overexpression.

Maximum plasma concentrations (Cmax) of dasatinib are observed between 0.5 and 6 hours (Tmax) following oral administration. Dasatinib exhibits dose proportional increases in AUC and linear elimination characteristics over the dose range of 15 mg to 240 mg/day. The overall mean terminal half-life of dasatinib is 3 to 5 hours.

Data from a trial of 54 healthy subjects administered a single, 100-mg dose of dasatinib 30 minutes following consumption of a high-fat meal resulted in a 14% increase in the mean AUC of dasatinib. The observed food effects were not clinically relevant.

In patients, dasatinib has an apparent volume of distribution of 2505 L, suggesting that the drug is extensively distributed in the extravascular space. Binding of dasatinib and its active metabolite to human plasma proteins in vitro was approximately 96% and 93%, respectively, with no concentration dependence over the range of 100 to 500 ng/mL.

Dasatinib is extensively metabolized in humans, primarily by the cytochrome P450 enzyme 3A4. CYP3A4 was the primary enzyme responsible for the formation of the active metabolite. Flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO-3) and uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes are also involved in the formation of dasatinib metabolites.

The exposure of the active metabolite, which is equipotent to dasatinib, represents approximately 5% of the dasatinib AUC. This indicates that the active metabolite of dasatinib is unlikely to play a major role in the observed pharmacology of the drug. Dasatinib also had several other inactive oxidative metabolites.

Dasatinib is a weak time-dependent inhibitor of CYP3A4. At clinically relevant concentrations, dasatinib does not inhibit CYP1A2, 2A6, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, or 2E1. Dasatinib is not an inducer of human CYP enzymes.

Elimination is primarily via the feces. Following a single oral dose of [14C]-labeled dasatinib, approximately 4% and 85% of the administered radioactivity was recovered in the urine and feces, respectively, within 10 days. Unchanged dasatinib accounted for 0.1% and 19% of the administered dose in urine and feces, respectively, with the remainder of the dose being metabolites.

Pharmacokinetic analyses of demographic data indicate that there are no clinically relevant effects of age and gender on the pharmacokinetics of dasatinib.

Dasatinib doses of 50 mg and 20 mg were evaluated in eight patients with moderate (Child-Pugh class B) and seven patients with severe (Child-Pugh class C) hepatic impairment, respectively. Matched controls with normal hepatic function (n=15) were also evaluated and received a dasatinib dose of 70 mg. Compared to subjects with normal liver function, patients with moderate hepatic impairment had decreases in dose-normalized Cmax and AUC by 47% and 8%, respectively. Patients with severe hepatic impairment had dose-normalized Cmax decreased by 43% and AUC decreased by 28% compared to the normal controls.

These differences in Cmax and AUC are not clinically relevant. Dose adjustment is not necessary in patients with hepatic impairment.

NONCLINICAL TOXICOLOGY

In a two-year carcinogenicity study, rats were administered oral doses of dasatinib at 0.3, 1, and 3 mg/kg/day. The highest dose resulted in a plasma drug exposure (AUC) level approximately 60% of the human exposure at 100 mg once daily. Dasatinib induced a statistically significant increase in the combined incidence of squamous cell carcinomas and papillomas in the uterus and cervix of high-dose females and prostate adenoma in low-dose males.

Dasatinib was clastogenic when tested in vitro in Chinese hamster ovary cells, with and without metabolic activation. Dasatinib was not mutagenic when tested in an in vitro bacterial cell assay (Ames test) and was not genotoxic in an in vivo rat micronucleus study.

Dasatinib did not affect mating or fertility in male and female rats at plasma drug exposure (AUC) similar to the human exposure at 100 mg daily; however, dasatinib induced embryo lethality. In repeat dose studies, administration of dasatinib resulted in reduced size and secretion of seminal vesicles, and immature prostate, seminal vesicle, and testis. The administration of dasatinib resulted in uterine inflammation and mineralization in monkeys, and cystic ovaries and ovarian hypertrophy in rodents.

CLINICAL STUDIES

An open-label, multicenter, international, randomized trial was conducted in adult patients with newly diagnosed chronic phase CML. A total of 519 patients were randomized to receive either Dasatinib 100 mg once daily or imatinib 400 mg once daily. Patients with a history of cardiac disease were included in this trial except those which had a myocardial infarction within 6 months, congestive heart failure within 3 months, significant arrhythmias, or QTc prolongation. The primary endpoint was the rate of confirmed complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) within 12 months. Confirmed CCyR was defined as a CCyR noted on two consecutive occasions (at least 28 days apart).

Median age was 46 years in the Dasatinib group and 49 years in the imatinib groups, with 10% and 11% of patients =65 years of age. There were slightly more male than female patients in both groups (59% vs 41%). Fifty-three percent of all patients were Caucasian and 39% were Asian. At baseline, the distribution of Hasford Scores was similar in the Dasatinib and imatinib treatment groups (low risk: 33% and 34%; intermediate risk: 48% and 47%; high risk: 19% and 19%, respectively). With a minimum of 12 months follow up, 85% of patients randomized to Dasatinib and 81% of patients randomized to imatinib were still on study.

With a minimum of 24 months follow up, 77% of patients randomized to Dasatinib and 75% of patients randomized to imatinib were still on study and with a minimum of 36 months follow up, 71% and 69% of patients, respectively, were still on study.

Efficacy results are summarized in Table 7.

After 36 months follow up, median time to confirmed CCyR was 3.1 months in 214 Dasatinib responders and 5.8 months in 201 imatinib responders. Median time to MMR after 36 months follow up was 8.9 months in 179 Dasatinib responders and 13.4 months in 146 imatinib responders.

At 36 months, 8 patients (3%) on the dasatinib arm progressed to either accelerated phase or blast crisis while 13 patients (5%) on the imatinib arm progressed to either accelerated phase or blast crisis.

The rate of MMR at any time in each risk group determined by Hasford score was higher in the Dasatinib group compared with the imatinib group (low risk: 81% and 64%; intermediate risk: 64% and 56%; high risk: 61% and 42%, respectively).

BCR-ABL sequencing was performed on blood samples from patients in the newly diagnosed trial who discontinued dasatinib or imatinib therapy. Among dasatinib-treated patients the mutations detected were T315I, F317I/L, and V299L.

Dasatinib does not appear to be active against the T315I mutation, based on in vitro data.

The efficacy and safety of Dasatinib were investigated in adult patients with CML or Ph+ ALL whose disease was resistant to or who were intolerant to imatinib: 1158 patients had chronic phase CML, 858 patients had accelerated phase, myeloid blast phase, or lymphoid blast phase CML, and 130 patients had Ph+ ALL. In a clinical trial in chronic phase CML, resistance to imatinib was defined as failure to achieve a complete hematologic response (CHR; after 3 months), major cytogenetic response (MCyR; after 6 months), or complete cytogenetic response (CCyR; after 12 months); or loss of a previous molecular response (with concurrent =10% increase in Ph+ metaphases), cytogenetic response, or hematologic response. Imatinib intolerance was defined as inability to tolerate 400 mg or more of imatinib per day or discontinuation of imatinib because of toxicity.

Results described below are based on a minimum of 2 years follow up after the start of Dasatinib therapy in patients with a median time from initial diagnosis of approximately 5 years. Across all studies, 48% of patients were women, 81% were white, 15% were black or Asian, 25% were 65 years of age or older, and 5% were 75 years of age or older. Most patients had long disease histories with extensive prior treatment, including imatinib, cytotoxic chemotherapy, interferon, and stem cell transplant. Overall, 80% of patients had imatinib-resistant disease and 20% of patients were intolerant to imatinib. The maximum imatinib dose had been 400–600 mg/day in about 60% of the patients and >600 mg/day in 40% of the patients.

The primary efficacy endpoint in chronic phase CML was MCyR, defined as elimination (CCyR) or substantial diminution (by at least 65%, partial cytogenetic response) of Ph+ hematopoietic cells. The primary efficacy endpoint in accelerated phase, myeloid blast phase, lymphoid blast phase CML, and Ph+ ALL was major hematologic response (MaHR), defined as either a CHR or no evidence of leukemia (NEL).

Dose-Optimization Trial: A randomized, open-label trial was conducted in patients with chronic phase CML to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Dasatinib administered once daily compared with Dasatinib administered twice daily. Patients with significant cardiac diseases, including myocardial infarction within 6 months, congestive heart failure within 3 months, significant arrhythmias, or QTc prolongation were excluded from the trial. The primary efficacy endpoint was MCyR in patients with imatinib-resistant CML. A total of 670 patients, of whom 497 had imatinib-resistant disease, were randomized to the Dasatinib 100 mg once daily, 140 mg once daily, 50 mg twice daily, or 70 mg twice daily group. Median duration of treatment was 22 months.

Efficacy was achieved across all Dasatinib treatment groups with the once daily schedule demonstrating comparable efficacy (non-inferiority) to the twice daily schedule on the primary efficacy endpoint (difference in MCyR 1.9%; 95% CI [-6.8%–10.6%]).

Efficacy results are presented in Table 8 for patients with chronic phase CML who received the recommended starting dose of 100 mg once daily. Additional efficacy results in this patient population are described after the table. Results for all patients with chronic phase CML, regardless of dosage (a starting dosage of 100 mg once daily, 140 mg once daily, 50 mg twice daily, or 70 mg twice daily), were consistent with those for patients treated with 100 mg once daily.

In the Dasatinib 100 mg once daily group, median time to MCyR was 2.9 months (95% CI: [2.8%–3.0%]) with a minimum of 24 months follow up. Based on the Kaplan-Meier estimates, 93% (95% CI: [88%–98%]) of patients who had achieved an MCyR maintained that response for 18 months. In the 100 mg once daily group, MMR was achieved in 43% of all randomized patients within 5 years. The estimated rate of progression-free survival and overall survival at 2 years in all patients treated with 100 mg once daily was 80% (95% CI: [73%–87%]) and 91% (95% CI: [86%–96%]), respectively. Based on data six years after the last patient was enrolled in the trial, 64% were known to be alive at 5 years, 22% were known to have died prior to 5 years and 14% had an unknown 5-year survival status.

By 5 years, transformation to either accelerated or blast phase occurred in eight patients on treatment.

Dose-Optimization Trial: One randomized open-label trial was conducted in patients with advanced phase CML (accelerated phase CML, myeloid blast phase CML, or lymphoid blast phase CML) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Dasatinib administered once daily compared with Dasatinib administered twice daily. The primary efficacy endpoint was MaHR. A total of 611 patients were randomized to either the Dasatinib 140 mg once daily or 70 mg twice daily group. Median duration of treatment was approximately 6 months for both treatment groups. The once daily schedule demonstrated comparable efficacy (non-inferiority) to the twice daily schedule on the primary efficacy endpoint.

The efficacy and safety of Dasatinib were also investigated in patients with Ph+ ALL in one randomized trial (starting dosage 140 mg once daily or 70 mg twice daily) and one single-arm trial (starting dosage 70 mg twice daily). The primary efficacy endpoint was MaHR. A total of 130 patients were enrolled in these studies. The median duration of therapy was 3 months.

Response rates are presented in Table 9.

In the Dasatinib 140 mg once daily group, the median time to MaHR was 1.9 months for patients with accelerated phase CML, 1.9 months for patients with myeloid blast phase CML, and 1.8 months for patients with lymphoid blast phase CML.

In patients with myeloid blast phase CML, the median duration of MaHR was 8 months and 9 months for the 140 mg once daily group and the 70 mg twice daily group, respectively. In patients with lymphoid blast phase CML, the median duration of MaHR was 5 months and 8 months for the 140 mg once daily group and the 70 mg twice daily group, respectively. In patients with Ph+ ALL who were treated with Dasatinib 140 mg once daily, the median duration of MaHR was 4.6 months. The medians of progression-free survival for patients with Ph+ ALL treated with Dasatinib 140 mg once daily and 70 mg twice daily were 4.0 months and 3.5 months, respectively.

HOW SUPPLIED/STORAGE AND HANDLING

Dasatinib tablets are available as described in Table 10.

Dasatinib tablets should be stored at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F); excursions permitted between 15°–30°C (59°–86°F) [see USP Controlled Room Temperature].

Dasatinib is an antineoplastic product. Follow special handling and disposal procedures.

Dasatinib (dasatinib) tablets consist of a core tablet (containing the active drug substance), surrounded by a film coating to prevent exposure of pharmacy and clinical personnel to the active drug substance. However, if tablets are inadvertently crushed or broken, pharmacy and clinical personnel should wear disposable chemotherapy gloves. Personnel who are pregnant should avoid exposure to crushed or broken tablets.

PATIENT COUNSELING INFORMATION

FDA-Approved Patient Labeling.

Patients should be informed of the possibility of serious bleeding and to report immediately any signs or symptoms suggestive of hemorrhage (unusual bleeding or easy bruising).

Patients should be informed of the possibility of developing low blood cell counts; they should be instructed to report immediately should fever develop, particularly in association with any suggestion of infection.

Patients should be informed of the possibility of developing fluid retention (swelling, weight gain, or shortness of breath) and to seek medical attention if those symptoms arise.

Patients should be informed that Dasatinib can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Women should be advised of the potential hazard to the fetus and to avoid becoming pregnant. If Dasatinib is used during pregnancy, or if the patient becomes pregnant while taking Dasatinib, the patient should be apprised of the potential hazard to the fetus.

Patients should be informed that they may experience nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea with Dasatinib. If these symptoms are significant, they should seek medical attention.

Patients should be informed that they may experience headache or musculoskeletal pain with Dasatinib. If these symptoms are significant, they should seek medical attention.

Patients should be informed that they may experience fatigue with Dasatinib. If this symptom is significant, they should seek medical attention.

Patients should be informed that they may experience skin rash with Dasatinib. If this symptom is significant, they should seek medical attention.

Patients should be informed that Dasatinib contains 135 mg of lactose monohydrate in a 100-mg daily dose and 189 mg of lactose monohydrate in a 140-mg daily dose.

If the patient misses a dose of Dasatinib, the patient should take the next scheduled dose at its regular time. The patient should not take two doses at the same time.